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Wednesday, August 17, 2011

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

Holograms reveal brain's inner workings: Microscopy technique used to observe activity of neurons like never before

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 02:17 PM PDT

Like far away galaxies, powerful tools are required to bring the minute inner workings of neurons into focus. Borrowing a technique from materials science, a team of neurobiologists, psychiatrists, and advanced imaging specialists from Switzerland report how digital holographic microscopy can now be used to observe neuronal activity in real-time and in three dimensions -- with up to 50 times greater resolution than ever before.

Tiny gold particles boost organic solar cell efficiency: Plasmonic technique helps enhance power conversion by up to 20 percent

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 01:23 PM PDT

Researchers have demonstrated how they inserted a gold nanoparticle layer between two subcells to combine the tandem cell strategy with the plasmonic effect -- a process that concentrates light via scattering from nanoparticles. As a result, a 20 percent improvement of power conversion efficiency has been attained by the light concentration of gold nanoparticles.

A new look below the surface of nanomaterials

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 12:22 PM PDT

Scientists can now look deeper into new materials to study their structure and behavior. A new technique will enable more detailed study of new types of materials for use in electronics, energy production, chemistry and other applications.

Benefits of the open source software market identified

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 11:40 AM PDT

A new article identifies the social-welfare benefits of open source software, despite the existence of free-riding that is inherent in the industry due to information-sharing. The market creates spillover benefits for both consumers and producers.

DNA construction software saves time, resources and money

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 10:31 AM PDT

Scientists have developed the first software package for automating DNA construction that not only makes the process faster and more efficient but -- with an eye on the economics of scientific discovery -- also identifies which construction strategy would be the most cost-effective.

Gemini-Scout robot likely to reach trapped miners ahead of rescuers

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 10:31 AM PDT

Robotics engineers have designed the Gemini-Scout Mine Rescue Robot, which finds dangers and can provide relief to trapped miners.

Mimicking biological complexity, in a tiny particle

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 08:26 AM PDT

Tiny particles made of polymers hold great promise for targeted delivery of drugs and as structural scaffolds for building artificial tissues. However, current production methods for such microparticles yield a limited array of shapes and can only be made with certain materials, restricting their usefulness. New technology could lead to better drug delivery and artificial tissues that imitate natural tissue.

Ions control shape of nanofibers grown on clear substrate

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 08:19 AM PDT

Researchers have found a new way to develop straight carbon nanofibers on a transparent substrate. Growing such nanofiber coatings is important for use in novel biomedical research tools, solar cells, water repellent coatings and others. The technique utilizes a charged chromium grid, and relies on ions to ensure the nanofibers are straight, rather than curling -- which limits their utility.

Carbon nanotube structures changed by ‘attack’ from within, researchers discover

Posted: 16 Aug 2011 05:40 AM PDT

A team of researchers has shown for the first time that chemical reactions at the nano-level which change the structure of carbon nanotubes can be sparked by an 'attack' from within.
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